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Siege of Temesvár (1552)
The siege of Temesvár was a military conflict between the Habsburg Monarchy and the Ottoman Empire in 1552. The siege resulted with a decisive Ottoman victory and Temesvár came under Ottoman control for 164 years.
== Background ==
After the Battle of Mohács in 1526, the Hungarian Kingdom was fallen apart for two parts. The western side of the country came under the control of Ferdinand I, from the House of Habsburg, the eastern side came under the control of John Zápolya, a Hungarian noble. Zápolya asked the help of Suleiman II Ottoman emperor against Ferdinand. After the death of John in 1540, he was succeeded by his one-month-old son, John Sigismund Zápolya. Ferdinand in 1541 tried to capture Buda, the capital, but he was defeated by Suleiman's army. The Ottoman emperor after the victory occupied Buda and sent the young Hungarian king with his court to Lippa (today ''Lipova'', Romania), in 1542 they moved to Gyulafehérvár (today ''Alba Iulia'', Romania), which later became the capital of the Principality of Transylvania.
Even after this event, Ferdinand didn't give up his dream about the unification of the Hungarian Kingdom under his rule. With George Martinuzzi's help, the eastern part of the country in 1550 came under Habsburg rule, which caused the attack of the Ottoman army against Hungary.
In 1552 two Ottoman army crossed the border with the Hungarian Kingdom. One of them – led by Hadim Ali pasha – started a campaign against the western and central part of the country, the second army – led by Kara Ahmed pasha – attacked the fortresses in the Banat region.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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